单髁关节置换手术术后镇痛的研究进展

文浩 鲁(河北医科大学，中国)
长征 田(河北医科大学，中国)

摘要

骨关节炎是一种发病率较高的骨科退行性病变，发病机制尚不明确，大多数晚期患者需要接受手术治疗。单髁置换术因其创伤小，术后恢复快，正逐渐成为单间室骨性关节炎主要的手术治疗方式。但单髁置换术后仍然普遍存在剧烈疼痛，不仅导致患者膝关节功能锻炼和下地活动时间推迟，而且容易导致患者出现焦虑、紧张等心理障碍。目前常用的缓解单髁置换术后疼痛的方法有静脉阿片类药物镇痛、患者静脉自控镇痛及区域神经阻滞等，这些镇痛措施各有不足之处，并没有达到理想的术后镇痛效果。因此，优化单髁置换术后镇痛方案对促进患者康复及改善患者生活质量具有重要的意义。

关键词

骨性关节炎；单髁置换；术后镇痛

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/yzlcyxzz.v7i3.16227