m6A 甲基转移酶在结直肠癌中的研究进展

雨 王(内蒙古医科大学，中国；内蒙古医科大学附属医院，中国)
明星 侯(内蒙古医科大学附属医院，中国)

摘要

结直肠癌是全球三大常见癌症之一，死亡率也逐年增长，其发生和发展是一个复杂的多阶段过程，涉及遗传因素、环境因素和生活方式等多种因素的综合作用。在寻找新的治疗靶点和诊断标志物的过程中，表观遗传学修饰，尤其是m6A甲基化修饰，受到了广泛关注，m6A甲基化修饰，即N6-甲基腺苷酸（N6-methyladenosine）修饰，是真核生物mRNA和非编码RNA上的一种普遍存在的转录后修饰，这种修饰在调控基因表达中起着关键作用，涉及RNA的剪接、降解、运输、核定位、稳定性及翻译等多个方面，已经鉴定出多种m6A甲基转移酶（writers），如METTL3、METTL14等，以及去甲基化酶（erasers），如FTO和ALKBH5，还有m6A识别蛋白（readers），如YTHDF1、YTHDF2等，与多种疾病的发生发展有关，特别是在癌症中，m6A修饰的变化与肿瘤的增殖、转移和化疗耐药性密切相关。论文全面总结了m6A甲基转移酶在 CRC 中的功能及其潜在的分子机制，旨在为寻找结直肠癌诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点提供新思路。

关键词

m6A甲基化修饰；结直肠癌；甲基转移酶

参考

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/yzlcyxzz.v7i9.21189