早产儿低体温的原因及危害的研究进展

天锋 梅(承德医学院附属医院，中国)
启立 周(承德医学院附属医院，中国)

摘要

早产儿在出生后的早期阶段面临较高的低体温风险，尤其是对于那些出生体重较低或发育时间不足的婴儿更为明显。这种情况可能与他们的下丘脑前部调节热量散失的机制以及后部调控生成热量的功能尚未成熟有关。此外，早产儿的独特生理特征（例如较大的体表面积、较薄的皮下脂肪以及低效的骨骼肌抖动能力和代谢酶活性）也可能是影响因素之一。同时，出生后环境的显著变化、保温方法的不当，还有低体温后果的恶性循环，可能会加剧体温的流失，进而增加死亡的风险。

关键词

早产儿；低体温；并发症

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/yzlcyxzz.v8i2.24022