Nutrigenomics: Unraveling the Interplay Between Nutrition and Gene Expression in Human Physiology

Hassan Ahmed M.(Center for Obesity Research, American University of Beirut Medical Center,Beirut, Lebanon)
Khalifa Fatima S.(Department of Endocrinology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)
Mahmoud Omar R.(Department of Endocrinology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Nutrigenomics, an interdisciplinary field at the intersection of nutrition and genomics, explores how dietary components interact with genes to influence human physiology. This review delves into the intricate relationship between nutrition and gene expression, elucidating the principles of nutrigenomics and its implications for human health. By unraveling the interplay between nutrition and gene expression, nutrigenomics offers insights into individualized dietary recommendations and the prevention of chronic diseases. We examine the latest research findings on how nutrients modulate epigenetic modifications, transcriptional regulation, and genomic stability, highlighting the role of nutrigenomics in metabolic pathways, immune function, and disease susceptibility. Furthermore, we discuss the potential applications of nutrigenomics in personalized nutrition interventions and precision medicine approaches. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the effects of nutrition on gene expression is crucial for promoting optimal health and well-being in diverse populations.

References

Ordovas JM, Shen J. Gene-environment interactions and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome and other chronic diseases. J Periodontol. 2008;79(8 Suppl):1508-13.

Fenech M, El-Sohemy A, Cahill L, Ferguson LR, French TA, Tai ES, Milner J, Koh WP, Xie L, Zucker M, Buckley M, Cosgrove L, Lockett T, Fung KY, Head R. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics: viewpoints on the current status and applications in nutrition research and practice. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2011;4(2):69-89.

Ferguson LR, De Caterina R, Görman U, Allayee H, Kohlmeier M, Prasad C, Choi MS, Curi R, de Luis DA, Gil Á, Kang JX, Martin FP, Milagro FI, Nicoletti CF, Nonino CB, Ordovas JM, Parslow VR, Portillo MP, Santos JL, Serhan CN, Simopoulos AP, Velázquez-Arellano A, Zulet MA, Martinez JA. Guide and Position of the International Society of Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics on Personalized Nutrition: Part 1 - Fields of Precision Nutrition. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2016;9(1):12-27.

Kaput J, Rodriguez RL. Nutritional genomics: the next frontier in the postgenomic era. Physiol Genomics. 2004;16(2):166-77. doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00040.2003.

Ordovas JM. Nutrigenetics, plasma lipids, and cardiovascular risk. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006;106(7):1074-81.

Bouchard-Mercier A, Rudkowska I, Lemieux S, Couture P, Vohl MC. The metabolic signature associated with the Western dietary pattern: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J. 2013;12:158.

Corella D, Ordovas JM. Nutrigenomics in cardiovascular medicine. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2009;2(6):637-51. doi:10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.109.852603.

Lanzmann-Petithory D. A brief history of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. In: Lanzmann-Petithory D, editor. Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics: World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics. Basel, Switzerland: Karger; 2004. p. 30-46.

Martínez JA, Cordero P, Campión J, Milagro FI. Interplay of early-life nutritional programming on obesity, inflammation and epigenetic outcomes. Proc Nutr Soc. 2012;71(2):276-83.

Afman L, Müller M. Nutrigenomics: from molecular nutrition to prevention of disease. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006;106(4):569-76. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2006.01.006.

García-Martínez R, Rivas A, Martínez JA. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics of caloric restriction. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2012;108:323-46. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-398397-8.00011-0.

Kohlmeier M, De Caterina R, Ferguson LR, Görman U, Allayee H, Prasad C, Kang JX, Nicoletti CF, Martinez JA. Guide and Position of the International Society of Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics on Personalized Nutrition: Part 2 - Ethics, Challenges and Endeavors of Precision Nutrition. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2016;9(1):28-46. doi:10.1159/000445351.

Ferguson LR, De Caterina R, Görman U, Allayee H, Kohlmeier M, Prasad C, Choi MS, Curi R, de Luis DA, Gil Á, Kang JX, Martin FP, Milagro FI, Nicoletti CF, Nonino CB, Ordovas JM, Parslow VR, Portillo MP, Santos JL, Serhan CN, Simopoulos AP, Velázquez-Arellano A, Zulet MA, Martinez JA. Guide and Position of the International Society of Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics on Personalized Nutrition: Part 3 - Risk-Benefit Analysis of Foods and Nutrients. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2016;9(1):47-61. doi:10.1159/000445352.

Spector TD. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 200

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/ahpr.v5i1.15910