从控制到转化：音乐表演焦虑的成因结构、心理—生理机制及其调控路径研究

子珂 祁(詹姆斯)

摘要

音乐表演焦虑（Music Performance Anxiety，M PA）是音乐表演实践中普遍存在的心理现象，在以公开演出与专业评价为核心的西方古典音乐体系中尤为突出，呈现出显著的结构性特征。本文基于既有研究与表演实践，从成因结构、心理—生理机制与实践调控路径三个层面，对音乐表演焦虑展开综合分析。研究表明，M PA的形成源于评价压力、自我怀疑与演出情境不确定性等多重因素的交互作用；在机制层面，焦虑通过心理评估与生理唤醒之间的动态关系影响演奏表现，其功能意义取决于演奏者对演出情境的认知解读。文章进一步探讨身体调节、记忆策略与心理训练等实践路径，为教学与训练中实现表演焦虑的功能性转化提供理论与实践参考。

关键词

音乐表演焦虑；心理—生理机制；挑战—威胁模型；具身认知；表演实践

参考

Biasutti, Michele; Concina, Eleonora. The role of coping strategy and experience in predicting music performance anxiety. Musicae Scientiae, 2014, 18: 189–202.

Brodsky, W. Music performance anxiety reconceptualized: A critique of current research practices and findings. Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 1996, 11(3): 88–98.

Chong, Cecilia S. M.; Tsunaka, Megumi; Tsang, Hector W. H.; Chan, Edward P.; Cheung, Wai Ming. Effects of yoga on stress management in healthy adults: A systematic review. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 2011, 17(1): 32–38.

Cohen, Susanna; Bodner, Ehud. Music performance skills: A two-pronged approach—facilitating optimal music performance and reducing music performance anxiety. Psychology of Music, 2019, 47(4): 521–538；47(3): 420–435.

Dickinson, Stefanie. A multi-level approach to more secure memorization. College Music Symposium, 2009, 49/50: 271–283.

Dimitriev, Dimitriy A.; Saperova, Elena V.; Dimitriev, Aleksey D. State anxiety and nonlinear dynamics of heart rate variability in students. PLoS ONE, 2016, 11(1): e0146131.

Guyon, A. J.; Studer, R. K.; Hildebrandt, H.; Horsch, A.; Nater, U. M.; Gomez, P. Music performance anxiety from the challenge and threat perspective: Psychophysiological and performance outcomes. BMC Psychology, 2020, 8(1): 87.

Kirchner, Joann. Managing musical performance anxiety. American Music Teacher, 2004/2005, 54(3): 31–33.

Kozlovskaia, Maria; Vlahovich, Nicole; Rathbone, Evelyne; Manzanero, Silvia; Keogh, Justin; Hughes, David C. A profile of health, lifestyle and training habits of 4720 Australian recreational runners—The case for promoting running for health benefits. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 2019, 30: 172–179.

Lehrer, Paul M. A review of the approaches to the management of tension and stage fright in music performance. Journal of Research in Music Education, 1987, 35(3): 143–153.

Matei, R.; Ginsborg, J. Music performance anxiety in classical musicians – what we know about what works. BJPsych International, 2017, 14(2): 33–35.

Nideffer, Robert M.; Hessler, Nancy D. Controlling performance anxiety. College Music Symposium, 1978, 18(1): 146–153.

Pike, Pamela D. Exploring self-regulation through a reflective practicum: A case study of improvement through mindful piano practice. Music Education Research, 2017, 19: 398–409.

Riley, Jessica M. Reducing anxiety: Studio strategies for performing salvation. Music Educators Journal, 2012, 98(3): 65–70.

Sieger, Crystal. Music performance anxiety in instrumental music students: A multiple case study of teacher perspectives. Contributions to Music Education, 2017, 42: 35–52.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/cai.v4i12.34719