氮掺杂石墨烯的制备及其应用

潇钦 张(黑龙江科技大学环境与化工学院，中国)

摘要

石墨烯具有理想的二维结构是因为其中碳原子的 sp2 杂化结构，同时具有极大的比表面积、高传导性、优质的化学稳定性以及低成本等优点，使它成为复合材料的理想载体。然而，石墨烯却没有能带间隙，使其电导性不易被控制，并且石墨烯表面滑腻且呈惰性，无益于与其他材料的混合，从而阻碍了石墨烯的应用。经研究发现，氮原子的尺寸最靠近碳原子，因此它们与石墨烯的相容性更好，而且易于掺杂在石墨烯晶格中以获得稳定的氮掺杂石墨烯材料（NG）。更重要的是，氮的引入产生N-C键，其中与 N 原子相邻的 C 原子携带更多的正电荷，这可以有效地增加石墨烯材料的电负性和核电子吸附，改善 NG 可以为氧化还原反应创造更好的催化条件。这些特性使 NG 的制备和应用成为各个领域的重要方向。论文综述了为开发更高效的NG 提供了一些基准，以解决理论和实践中的技术问题和各个领域的挑战。

关键词

氮掺杂；石墨烯；制备；应用

参考

Sui, Y., Bo, Z., Zhang, H., et al. Temperature-Dependent Nitrogen Configuration of N-Doped Graphene by Chemical Vapor Deposition[J].Carbon, 2015(81):814-820.

Di, C.A., Wei, D., Gui, Y., et al. Patterned Graphene as Source/Drain Electrodes for Bottom Contact Organic Field Effect Transistors[J]. Advanced Materials, 2010(20):3289-3293.

Zhao, L., Rui, H.E., Rim, K.T., et al. Visualizing Individual NitrogenDopants in Monolayer Graphene[J].Science, 2011(333)999-1003.

Shinde, S.M., Kano, E., Kalita, G., et al. Grain Structures of Ni-trogenDoped Graphene Synthesized by Solid Source-Based Chemical Vapor Deposition[J]. Carbon, 2016(96):448-453.

Zhang, C., Fu, L., Liu, N., et al. Synthesis of Nitro-gen-Doped Graphene Using Embedded Carbon and Nitrogen Sources[J]. Advanced Materials, 2011(23):1020-1024.

Choucair, M. ;Thordarson. P.;Stride,J.A. Nat Nanotechnol[M].2009.

Droppa, R.; Hammer, P.; Carvalho, A. C M. ;dos Santos, M. C. ;Alvarez, F.J. Non-Cryst[J]. Solids, 2002(06):299-302+874.

Journet, C.; Maser, W. K. Bernier, P.; Loiseau, A.[J]. Nature,1997(388):756.

Suenaga, K. Colliex, C.; Demoncy, N. ; Loiseau, A. ; Pascard, H. ;Willaime, F[J]. Science,1997(43):278+653.

Deng, D., Pan, X., Liang, Y., et al. Toward N-Doped Gra-phene via Solvothermal Synthesis[J]. Chemistry of Materials, 2011(23):1188-1193.

Hang, Z., Kuila, T., Kim, N.H., et al. Simultaneous Reduction, Exfoliation, and Nitrogen Doping of Graphene Oxide via a Hydrothermal Reaction for Energy Storage Electrode Ma-terials[J]. Carbon,2014(69):66-78.

Sheng, Z.H., Shao, L., Chen, J.J., et al. Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene via Thermal Annealing Graphite Oxide with Melamine and Its Excellent Electrocatalysis[J]. ACS Nano,2011(05):4350.

Li, X., Zhao, H., Shi, L., et al.Electrochemical Sensing of Nicotine Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Modified with Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Sheets[J]. Journal of Elec-troanalytical Chemistry,2017(784):77-84.

Chen, X., Chen, S., Nan, B., et al. In Situ, Facile Syn-thesis of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3/Nitrogen-Doped Graphene: A High-Performance Catalyst for Rechargeable LiO2 Batteries[J]. Ionics,2017(08):1-10.

Gopalakrishnan, K., Joshi, H.M., Kumar, P., et al. Selectivity in the Photocatalytic Properties of the Composites of TiO2 Nanoparticles with Band N-Doped Graphenes[J]. Chemical Physics Letters, 2011(511):304-308.

Cao, Y., Si, W., Zhang, Y., et al. Nitrogen-Doped Gra-phene: Effect of Graphitic-N on the Electrochemical Sensing Properties towards Acetaminophen[J]. FlatChem, 2018(09):1-7.

Wu, Y., Lei, W., Xia, M., et al. Simultaneous Electro-chemical Sensing of Hydroquinone and Catechol Using Nanocomposite Based on Palygorskite and Nitrogen Doped Graphene[J]. Applied Clay Science,2018(162):38-45.

Megawati, M., Chua, C., Sofer, Z., et al. (2017) Nitrogen-Doped Graphene: Effect of Graphite Oxide Precursors and Nitrogen Content on the Electrochemical Sensing Properties[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2017(19):15914-15923.

Choi C H, Chung M W, Kwon H C, etal.B, N-and P, N-doped graphene as highly active catalysts for oxy-gen reduction reactions in acidic media[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2013(01):3694-3699.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/gcjsygl.v4i9.5180