外泌体内容物在膀胱癌诊断中的应用研究

财森 蔡(承德医学院附属医院，中国)
志勇 王(承德医学院附属医院，中国)

摘要

膀胱癌是全球泌尿系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率较高且治疗后易复发。早期诊断对于改善患者预后至关重要。目前，膀胱癌诊断的“金标准”是膀胱镜检查联合组织活检，但具有侵入性、存在并发症且对原位癌不敏感。因此探索一种无创的生物学诊断标志物，以减少膀胱镜的使用，使膀胱癌的早期诊断和复发监测更为无创、高效、准确。外泌体是广泛存在于尿液、血液等体液中的纳米级囊泡，携带蛋白质、核酸等生物活性分子，参与膀胱癌的发生与发展。本文概述外泌体的生物学特性，并重点讨论外泌体内容物（蛋白、RNA）作为无创生物标志物在膀胱癌诊断与预后中的应用潜力。

关键词

膀胱癌；外泌体；RNA；蛋白质；肿瘤标志物

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/yzlcyxzz.v8i12.35010