育龄妇女身心健康的现状及其影响因素——以中国广东省为例
摘要
目的: 了解育龄妇女身心健康的现状,探讨其主要的影响因素。方法 : 采取分层随机抽样法,选取广东省 1019 名育龄妇女,使用康奈尔健康问卷(Conell Medical Index,CMI)、简明精神状态量表 (Mini- Mental State Examimation,MMSE) 和自编的个人一般情况调查表对他们进行调查。 结果: 本组的 CMI 总分为( 23.23± 20.63),A ~ L 得分为( 15.38± 13.76),M ~ R得分为( 7.85± 8.66)。CMI 总分≥ 40 分 158 人 (15.5%),M ~ R ≥ 20 分 106 人 (10.4%)。多元线性回归显示,是否每天吸20 支以上的纸烟、每天喝多少咖啡或茶、“别人认为我很笨”等 3 个因素正向预测 CMI 的 A ~ L 得分 (β=0.197 ~ 0.241,均 P < 0.001),睡眠质量、是否每天规律地锻炼、居住环境、是否每天规律地放松等 4 个因素负向预测 CMI 的 A ~ L 得分(β=-0.158 ~ -0.234,均 P < 0.05);每天喝多少咖啡或茶、是否每天吸 20 支以上纸烟、是否每天喝两次以上白酒、职业、独生子女、“别人认为我很笨”等 6 个因素正向预测 CMI 的 M ~ R 得分 (β=0.048 ~ 0.534,均 P < 0.05),睡眠质量、每天规律地锻炼、月收入、居住环境、学历、居住面积等 6 个因素负向预测 CMI 的 M ~ R 得分 (β=-0.055 ~ -0.171,均 P< 0.05);每天喝多少咖啡或茶、是否每天吸 20 支以上纸烟、是否每天喝两次以上白酒、“别人认为我很笨”等 5 个因素正向预测 CMI 总分 (β=0.057 ~ 0.384,均 P < 0.05),睡眠质量、是否每天规律地锻炼、是否每天规律地放松、居住面积、学历、居住环境等 6 个因素负向预测 CMI 的总分 (β=-0.045 ~ -0.222,均 P < 0.05)。 结论: 本组育龄妇女身体和心理健康状况都较好。生活环境、生活习惯、职业、学历以及人格特征等因素可能是育龄妇女身心健康状况的影响因素。
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参考
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/yzlcyxzz.v3i4.3765
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