研究文章

高频下降型突发性聋治疗研究概述

摘要

背景:高频下降型突发性聋(高频突聋)是突发性聋中预后较差的亚型,常合并高调耳鸣,影响患者生活质量。方法:通过检索PubMed、中国知网及万方数据库,纳入指南、系统评价/Meta分析、随机对照试验及队列研究,综述高频突聋的发病机制与治疗。结果:高频突聋以耳蜗基底回毛细胞损伤为核心,微循环障碍、氧化应激、炎症/免疫异常与兴奋性毒性等机制相互交织。现有高质量证据仍以全人群突聋研究为主,缺乏按听力曲线分层的大样本随机对照试验。高频突聋治疗有效率低,全身糖皮质激素联合改善微循环药物是基础治疗,鼓室与耳后激素用于挽救治疗及特殊人群,高压氧证据有限。结论:高频突聋总体预后较差,建议个体化、多途径联合治疗;未来需开展按听力曲线分层的前瞻性队列与随机对照研究,为规范化诊疗提供依据。

关键词

特发性突聋;高频;发病机制;治疗

参考

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