黄河流域电厂循环冷却水系统中除菌缓蚀技术的研究与应用

宁 刘(有研科技集团有限公司高品质有色金属绿色特种冶金国家工程研究中心，中国;东北大学冶金学院，中国;有研资源环境技术研究院（北京）有限公司，中国;北京有色金属研究总院，中国)
莹 吕(中国地质大学（北京）科学研究院，中国)
兴宇 刘(中国地质大学（北京）科学研究院，中国)
学哲 朱(有研科技集团有限公司高品质有色金属绿色特种冶金国家工程研究中心，中国;东北大学冶金学院，中国;有研资源环境技术研究院（北京）有限公司，中国;北京有色金属研究总院，中国)
垂云 唐(中国地质大学（北京）水资源与环境学院，中国)
良士 王(有研科技集团有限公司高品质有色金属绿色特种冶金国家工程研究中心，中国;有研资源环境技术研究院（北京）有限公司，中国;北京有色金属研究总院，中国)
潇 闫(有研科技集团有限公司高品质有色金属绿色特种冶金国家工程研究中心，中国;有研资源环境技术研究院（北京）有限公司，中国;北京有色金属研究总院，中国)

摘要

黄河流域内电厂的循环冷却水系统作为流域内工业用水中最具节水减排潜力的部分，仍然面临着菌藻滋生、管道腐蚀等问题，循环冷却水处理技术的分析研究对于稳定冷却系统、降低运行成本具有重要意义。基于文献调研，论文总结了黄河流域火电厂循环冷却水系统水质特性，综述了基于物理、化学、生物法的除菌缓蚀处理技术的研究进展，包括超声、电磁脉冲、电解、复合化学制剂，并首次归纳了以生物酶及微生物复合制剂为代表的生物控制策略以及其应用效果，分析了不同处理方法的技术特点与作用机理。结果表明：①黄河流域火电厂循环冷却水具有氯离子浓度高、硬度大以及碱度高的水质特征；②电解、化学制剂投加、生物酶投加等处理方法均能够有效实现循环冷却水系统的除菌缓蚀功能；③生物酶法和复合微生物制剂法作为绿色高效的处理技术潜力巨大；④耦合工艺与复合药剂制剂的使用能够有效提升处理效率。今后应以设备大型化、试剂绿色化和生物处理技术为研究重点，结合多因素优化分析方法，以技术创新与工艺耦合作为黄河流域电厂循环冷却水除菌缓蚀技术的发展方向。

关键词

黄河流域；循环冷却水；除菌缓蚀；杀生剂；缓蚀剂；生物酶；微生物制剂

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/zyyhbjz.v2i4.17637