碳交易与碳税：优劣比较及对我国碳减排政策的评估

星策 郝(香港都会大学，中国)

摘要

论文对碳交易和碳税进行了深入比较分析。碳交易机制通过建立碳市场，允许排放者买卖排放配额，以市场供需为基础确定价格，具有灵活性和成本效益高的优点。而碳税则是政府直接对碳排放征税，能够快速产生经济激励，但实施成本相对较高。在实践中，碳交易机制更加灵活，适用于不同行业和地区，但碳税的执行更为直接，政府控制力更强。针对中国情况，应综合考虑国情特点，结合碳市场机制与碳税的优势，构建适合中国碳减排政策的评估框架，以科学有效的方式指导中国未来碳减排政策的制定和实施。

关键词

碳交易；碳税；碳市场机制；政策评估

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/zyyhbjz.v2i4.17646